Baffled bulk shipment of perishable lading in insulating box cars and refrigerator cars

ABSTRACT

Baffles are provided in insulated box cars, bulk refrigerator cars and/or in convertible hopper-box cars to allow bulk shipment of perishable lading, which is not capable of supporting more than several feet without the upper lading portion damaging the lower lading portion due to the weight of the upper portion. For example, citrus fruits may thus be transported in such baffled railway cars.

United States-Patent 1191 I Josephson Aug. 19, 1975 1 BAFFLED BULKSHIPMENT OF 531,859 1/1895 Plant 105 373 PERISHABLE LADING IN INSULATING669,876 3/1901 Critchlow 105/282 R 804,492 11/1905 Mills et a1 105/373BOX CARS AND REFRIGERATOR CARS 1,877,944 9/1932 Mudd 105/375 [75]Inventor: Edgar F. Josephson, St. Charles, 2,167,364 7/1939 Johnson105/247 Mo, 3,092,220 6/1963 Black 105/375 3,738,507 6/1973 Livingston214/16 R [73] Assignee: ACF Industries, Incorporated, New

York Primary ExaminerM. Henson Wood, Jr. [22] Filed; O t, 31, 1973Assistant ExaminerRichard A. Bertsch A I No 4" 364 Attorney, Agent, orFirm1-1enry W. Cummings 52 7 105 375 [57] ABSTRACT 1 1 45 Baffles areprovided in insulated box cars, bulk refrig- [51] Int. B6,") 3/00 eratorcars and/or in convertible hopper-box cars to [58] Field of 205 213allow bulk shipment of perishable lading, which is not 221/76 282 7capable of supporting more than several feet without 214/{6 R g, 198/2the upper lading portion damaging the lower lading portion due to theweight of the upper portion. For ex- [56] References Cited ample, citrusfruits may thus be transported in such UNlTED STATES PATENTS baffledra'lway cars 422,920 3/1890 Coulter 105/373 53 Claims, 13 DrawingFigures "I? 7 I. h I. 6 I8 40 40 I as ,i

Q) i- O 2 32 PATENTEUAUBJ 9197s 3,899,981

SHEET 1 BE MW r. mm QV g Q H m N v@ as TN Xi I Y m PATENTED AUG-1 9197sIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIl New -w"...

BAFFLED BULK SHIPMENT OF PERISIIABLE LADING IN INSULATING BOX CARS ANDREFRIGERATOR CARS BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Refrigerator cars withfloor conveyers are presently used by the railroads to carry relativelyrugged perishable lading, for example, potatoes in bulk. Many of thecars have both longitudinal conveyers which feed to the center of thecar, and a transverse conveyer which feed out the side door. See, forexample, AAR Designation RSB and RPB type cars. Many of these carspresently have side racks which slope to the center and sections ofracks which cover the longitudinal conveyer.

When the cars are loaded the racks are all in place, a telescopicloading conveyer loads the car from the ends toward the center. Thelarge side door is closed and the center section is loaded through asmall door .in the top center of the main door.

Unloading is accomplished by connecting a power source to a drive shaftextension which operates the .longitudinal and transverse conveyers inthe car. Track side conveyers are connected to the small unloading doorin the main side door. The product in the center section is unloadedfirst, and when empty, the main side door is then opened. An operatorthen removes the first section of floor rack exposing a part of thelongitudinal conveyer. Product not sliding off the side sloped rack ismanually moved to the conveyer. The operator progresses down to the endof the car, removing succeeding sections of the floor rack. When the carhas been emptied the side and floor racks can be leveled and the car canbe used as a refrigerated or nonrefrigerated box car.

U.S. Pat. No. 3,738,5l l discloses a railway car which is convertiblefrom an insulated box car to a box car having hoppers for the transportof bulk cargo.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In accordance with the present inventionbaffles are provided in insulated box cars, refrigerator cars, and/orconvertible hopper-box cars to enable such cars to transport in bulk,lading which is not capable of supporting more than several feet withoutthe upper lading portion damaging the lower lading portion due to theweight of the upper portion. For example, citrus fruits may thus betransported in such baffled cars. The baffles preferably have an angleto the horizontal between about and 50. More than one level of bafflesmay be provided. The baffles preferably have holes therein for theproduct to flow through to facilitate loading; and may also have holesor slots to allow conditioned air to flow through the product in theevent an air conditioning system is used. The baffles may be fixed inplace or can be removable or hinged to lay against the side walls toallow periods of. use as a box car with or without refrigerationservice.

The baffles in the area over longitudinal floor conveyers are preferablyeither removable or hinged to allow an operator to progress down the carand remove succeeding sections of floor racks to expose the unloadingconveyer. It is preferable to place the baffles at an angle greater thanthe product angle of repose of the lading so that the product will slidedown to the unloading conveying means.

08.] ECI' The object of the present invention is to provide structurewhereby insulated box card and/or refrigerator cars, particularly thosehaving floor conveyers. andlor convertible railway hopper cars may beused to transport perishable lading in bulk, particularly those notcapable of supporting more than several feet without the weight of theupper portion of the lading causing damage to the lading portiontherebelow.

THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of an insulated boxcar having incorporated therein baffles in accordance with the presentinvention;

FIG. 2 is a sectional view along the line 2-2 of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view along the line 3-3 in FIG.

FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 3 illustrating thelongitudinal floor conveyer and posts which support baffles and floorracks;

FIG. 5 is a view along the line 5-5 in FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is a view along the line 6-6 in FIG. 4;

FIG. 7 is a view along the line 77 in FIG.'4;

FIG. 8 is a view along the line 8-8 in FIG. 2;

FIG. 9 is a view along the line 9-9 in FIG. 2;

FIG. 10 is a view along the line 10-10 in FIG. 9; FIG. 11 is across-sectional view along the line 1 1-11 in FIG. 12 of a convertiblehopper-box car having baffles in accordance with the present invention;

FIG, 12 is a view along the line l2l2 in FIG. II; and

FIG. 13 is a view along the line 13-l3 in FIG. II.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION An insulated box car is indicated in FIG. 1generally at 10. The car comprises conventional wheels 12 and a truck ofconventional design 14.

The car is provided according to known construction with insulated ends16 and 18 and insulated sides 20 and 22. Doors of known construction maybe provided on one or both sides of the car as indicated generally at24. For example, a plug door 26 may be utilized. An insulating floor 28and an insulating roof structure 30 of known construction are alsoprovided.

If the insulated car is a refrigerator car, at one end of the car an airconditioning system indicated generally at 32 is provided. As is knownin the art this air conditioning system preferably comprises a powersource 34, for example, a diesel engine which is used to power the airconditioning system. The air conditioning system is of knownconstruction and generally comprises a refrigeration compressor 38, acondenser 40 and an evaporator 42. A starting unit for the refrigerationsystem is provided indicated generally at 46 including a battery 48.Appropriate controls for the refrigeration'system are indicatedgenerally at 50.

The car may be provided with a floor air plenum $2 and a ceiling airplenum 54. Thr refrigeration system passes conditioned air into the roofair plenum through appropriate passageways and/or conduits. Theconditioned air passes downward throughout the car to cool anddehumidify the lading and is gathered up in the floor air plenum. Theconditioned air then returns to the refrigeration system throughappropriate passageways and/or conduits laden with moisture and/or atemperature increase picked up from the lading. If desired, the airconditioning system may also have a heating 7 means 56 which also may bepowered by diesel engine 36. In this event the conditioned air will beheated air. However, the cycle is otherwise the same. The heated ,airmay perform some dehumidifying function. Also, .,'for certain ladings,it may be necessary to add water envelope cooling, and into the floorplenum and then back to the air conditioning system.

In accordance with the present invention at least one layer of bafflesindicated generally at 60 is provided in the car. Baffles 60 may haveany desired cross section, such as rectangular or channel shape, and maybe provided with reinforcing members 61 (FIG. 4). The baffles arepreferably affixed to the sides and/or ends of the car with appropriatehinges or anchors indicated generally at 21. If it is desired that thebaffles remain permanently in place, suitable anchors may be utilized,an example of which is shown in FIG. 8. Baffles 60 are affixed tolongitudinally extending tubing 90, for example, by welding. Tubing 90is held in place by gussets 92 mounted on the car sides with fastenersor welding, and by a retainer 94 which is held in place with fasteners96 and which retainer 94 has a portion 98 which engages the baffles. Thebaffles can be removed by unfastening fasteners 96. Other anchorarrangements for baffles 60 will be apparent to those skilled in theart.

If it is desired to move the baffles to a stored position adjacent thesides of he car, suitable hinges 23 are provided which, for example, maybe constructed as shown in FIG. 9 and 10. Hinges 23 may comprise,brackets 100 and 102 mounted upon the car sides with appropriatefasteners 104. Affixed to baffles 60 are nose members 106 which may haveany suitable shape, for example, triangular through which pass pinmembers 108 to allow the baffles to pivot thereabout. Other appropriatehinge mounting arrangements for baffles 60 will be apparent to thoseskilled in the art.

The baffles are preferably provided at an angle of from about to about50 with respect to the horizontal. This range represents a balancebetween a totally vertical position which facilitates loading of thecar, and a totally horizontal position which maximizes lading support.In this regard attention is directed to the application of Coyle andJosephson, Ser. No. 411,379 assigned to the same assignee as the presentapplication and filed on even date herewith which contains a detaileddiscussion of the balancing of the factors regarding the baffle angle.In this regard it is to be noted that the angle of repose of theparticular lading to be transported may be considered in determining theparticular angle within this range which is to be used for particularservice. The entire disclosure of the said Coyle and Josephsonapplication is hereby incorpo- 7 rated in the present application byreference.

The baffles are preferably provided with openings 64 to facilitateloading of the car. The openings 64 preferably have X- and Y- dimensionsbetween 8 and 12 inches (FIG. 3).

Furthermore, openings 62 are preferably provided in the baffles tofacilitate circulation of conditioned air therethrough (FIG. 1.).Preferably the small dimension of these openings is not greater thanabout one-half inch. If the size is much greater than this, the productsits on the openings and may be damaged thereby, and- /or block the flowof air in the car.

Two levels of baffles have been illustrated in the drawings. It will beapparent to those skilled in the art that the number of levels may varyas desired depending upon the particular lading, how full it is desiredto fill the car, and the extend to which the upper portion of the ladingdamages lower portion of the lading due to weight.

For some applications, it may be desirable to provide doors in some orall of the baffles as indicated generally at 66. The doors areappropriately hinged to the baffles at 68. The doors also may beprovided with openings to facilitate loading 64a, preferably of X- andY- dimensions of 8-12 inches and may be provided with smaller openings62a to facilitate the flow of conditioned air in the car, alsopreferably having a maximum smallest dimension of about one-half inch.

Supports for the baffles are also preferably provided as indicatedgenerally at 70. These supports may comprise support members 72 affixedto the floor portion by means of appropriate fasteners or welding (notshown). If desired, supports may also be suspended either from theceiling portion as indicated at 74 or from the ends of the car asindicated at 76, and/or from the sides as indicated at 78.

A specific example of a baffle support arrangement is shown in FIGS. 4through 7. Support members or posts 72 are provided with pockets 1 10mounted upon the car floor. Floor racks 1 l2 normally used inrefrigerated cars may be provided with cutouts 114 to accommodatesupports 72 and pockets 110. Clip support members 122 may be affixed toposts, for example, by welding or with appropriate fasteners. Clips 122,for instance, may have an angle shape which engages baffles 60.Furthermore, brace members 116 and 118 are preferably provided on theposts 72, for example, by means of pins 120. Braces 116 and 118 engage aportion of baffles 60. As illustrated the braces engage doors 66 but thebraces may engage the main portion of the baflles, if desired.

It will be apparent that posts 72 are removably affixed to the roof ofthe car, for example, by means of brackets 124 and pin-type fasteners126. 1

Assuming that it is desired to remove the posts an place the baffles atthe side of the car for transporting a non-perishable lading, doors 66are first pivoted about hinge points 68 to fold the same upon the mainbaffle portions 60. In so doing braces 1 16 automatically pivot aboutpins 120 and assume a vertical position along posts 72. Next pinfasteners 126 are removed and posts 72 are moved inwardly a sufficientamount to disengage clips 122 from upper baffles 60a in FIG. 4. 'At thispoint the upper baffles will automatically fall into place along theside of the car. Further, inward movement of posts 72 will cause asimilar movement of lower baffles 60b. Then posts 72 may be removed frompocket 1 10 and from the car, or if desired posts 72 may be replaced inthe car and a lading transported with the posts in place.

One way of loading the insulated box or refrigerator car is as follows:

the doors 66 are closed and the conveyer is raised 1 above the topbaffle. The product coming off the telescopic conveyer rolls down thepile, through openings 64 and 64a provided in the baffles and fills thespace beneath the baffles. The loading progresses to the center of thecar. The other end of the car is similarly loaded. A lower bafflesection 65 is then placed across the door opening. The main door 24 isthen closed. The center is then loaded through an upper door 86 providedin main door 24.

For unloading the car, conveyers are preferably provided in the floorportion of the car. For example, a generally longitudinally extendingconveyer 82 may be provided. Furthermore, or alternatively, atransversely extending conveyer 84 may be provided which operates inconnection with door 24. Also, a lower unloading door 85 may be providedin the door 24.

Unloading may be done as follows:

A drive motor is connected to the car drive shaft extension whichoperates the conveyers in the car. A track side conveyer is connected tothe lower unloading door 85 in the main door 24. Door 85 is opened. Thetransverse unloading conveyer 84 unloads the product in the centersection, discharging into the track side conveyer.

When the center section is empty the main side door 24 is opened. Thetrack side conveyer is connected to the end of the car longitudinalconveyer 82. The baffle section in the open doorway is removed. Anoperator then removes the first section of floor rack 113 exposing partof the longitudinal conveyer. Product not sliding off the baffles 60 orside sloped racks 112 is manually moved to the conveyer. The doors inthe baffles are opened to provide access to the next section of floorrack 113 covering the conveyer 82. The operator progresses down to theend of the car removing succeeding sections of the floor rack.

When both ends of the car have been emptied and all product removed, thefloor racks can be replaced, the equipment disconnected and the carreturned for another load.

Alternatively, the floor racks can be leveled, and the baffles can beremoved or made to lay along the side walls. The baffle supports may bestored under the floor racks or removed. The car can then be used as abox car, either refrigerated or not refrigerated, for transport ofanother lading.

If an insulated box car is used which does not have longitudinal and/ortransverse conveyers,'it is preferred to close the door(s) on one sideof the car and provide a supplementary loading door in the upper portionof door on the remaining side. The car is then loaded as described aboveby means of a track side conveyer. The final loading is carried outthrough the supplementary loading door.

Unloading is carried out by means of a track side unloading conveyer.The main door is opened partially and the lading removed by means of acatching arrangement which is integral with the track side conveyer. Theends of the car are also unloaded by moving the product to the center ofthe car and into a track side conveyer.

Another embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIGS. l1-13. Aconvertible railway hopper car is shown and described in US. Pat. No.3,738,51 l which is hereby incorporated into the present application byreference.

This car is indicated generally in the drawings of the presentapplication at 200. The car comprises conventional trucks 202 havingwheels 204 associated therewith. The trucks 202 support a through centersill 206. Conventional couplers 208 are provided at opposite ends of thecar. The car is provided with spaced apart insulated sides 210 and 212,one of which is provided with a door 214. An insulated roof 216 is alsoprovided. Insulated end portions 220 and 222 are provided and an airconditioning compartment 224 is provided at one end. Air conditioningcompartment 224 preferably contains a refrigeration and dehumidifyingand/or an air heating unit of known construction as describedhereinabove regarding FIGS. 1-10.

Movable slope sheets 230 and 232 are provided within the insulatedcompartment 225 of the car to define in one position slope sheets. Inanother position the slope sheets are stored as indicated dotted inFIGS. 12 and 13 to provide a conventional box or refrigerator car.Conventional hopper outlets 234 may be provided to unload the car whensheets 230 nd 232 are used to define slope sheets. For a furtherexplanation and details of the construction of this car, reference ismade to the previously mentioned US. Pat. No. 3,737,511.

Baffles indicated generally at 240 may be added to this car to reducethe weight that upper bulk lading would normally exert upon the lowerlading in the absence of baffles. As shown in FIGS. 11-13, one or morelevels may be provided as desired. The baffles may be hinged at 242 orotherwise attached to the side walls. Removable center supports 246 orposts may also be provided. The center supports may be attached tocendone as follows:

The movable end slope sheets 230 and 232 are moved forward to formhopper slope sheets as shown in FIGS. 12 and 13 before loading the car.This is contrast to the operation described in the patent specificationand is to avoid damaging the lading by forcing the lading against thebaffles by moving the slope sheets forward after the car is fullyloaded. Alternatively, the car could be light loaded at the ends and theslope sheets moved forward to facilitate unloading as described in thepatent.

A telescopic conveyer is placed in the center door 214 above the toplevel of baffles and is extended toward the end slope sheet. The productcoming off the conveyer slides down the slope sheet and developes a pileup to the conveyer. Product flows through the openings 248 provided inthe baffles to provide filling of the area beneath the baffles. Theother end is similarly loaded. A detachable baffle section 250 may beplaced in front of the doorway. The side door 214 is closed and thecenter section is loaded through the upper loading door 252 in thecenter door.

Unloading is accomplished by connecting a conveyer beneath outlet gates234 and the car is unloaded in a conventional manner through outlets234. The product will largely unload by gravity.

It will be apparent that the baffles to be utilized in the convertiblecar are similar to the baffles to be utilized in the insulated box carand refrigerated cars described hereinabove. In addition to havingloading openings therein 248, preferably having X- and Y- dimensionsbetween 8 and 12 inches. Openings or slots 258 may be provided in thebaffles to facilitate the circulation of conditioned air, preferably thesmallest dimension of the openings 258 does not exceed about one-halfinch as described hereinabove. The bafi'les may, if desired, be providedwith doors 256 to facilitate loading of the car although it is believedfor many applications doors will not be required. If used, the doors maybe provided with loading openings 248a and with air circulation openings258a. The baffles may be mounted upon the car sides, for example, inaccordance with the arrangement shown in FIGS. 9 and 10 and supportmembers or posts 246 can support the baffles in a manner similar to thatshown in FIGS. 4 through 7 of the present application.

What is claimed is:

1. An insulated railway box car for transporting perishable ladingcomprising:

generally vertically extending spaced apart railway car sides havinginsulation provided thereon at least through a substantial portion ofthe vertical extent; generally spaced apart railway car ends joined tosaid car sides, said ends having insulation provided on at least asubstantial portion of the vertical extent, an insulated roof joiningsaid sides and ends; and at least one layer of baffles in said carmaking an angle of from about 30 to about 50 with respect to thehorizontal and adapted to reduce the weight that the upper lading wouldnormally exert upon the lower lading in the absence of the baffles; andwherein lading openings are provided in said baffles whereby the ladingpasses through said openings to assume positions below said baffleswhereby full utilization of the car volume can be obtained.

2. A railway car according to claim 1 wherein said baffles are fixed inplace in said box car.

3. A railway car according to claim 1 wherein said baffles are hingedwhereby said baffles maybe placed against the sides of the car when notin use.

4. A railway car according to claim 1 wherein said baffles areremovable.

5. A railway box car according to claim 1 wherein doors are affixed toat least some of said baffles.

6. A railway box car according to claim 5 wherein said doors are affixedto the lower portion of said baffies.

7. A railway box car according to claim 1 wherein said box car isprovided with a main door on at least one side of said car and whereinsaid main door is provided with a supplementary door in the upperportion thereof.

8. A railway box car according to claim 7 wherein a second supplementarydoor is provided in the lower portion of said main door.

9. A railway box car according to claim 1 wherein said car comprises afloor containing at least one conveyer to facilitate unloading the car.

10. A railway box car according to claim 9 wherein more than oneconveyer is provided in said floor.

11. A railway box car according to claim 10 wherein a longitudinal and atransverse conveyer are provided in said car.

12. A railway car according to claim 9 wherein means are provided tosupport said baffles in said car. 13. A railway car according to claim12 wherein at least some of said baffles are affixed to said car sides.14. A railway car according to claim 12 wherein at least some of saidsupports are affixed to the floor of the car.

15. A railway car according to claim 12, wherein at least some of saidsupports are affixed to the roof.

16. A railway car according to claim 12 wherein at least some of saidsupports are affixed to the car sides. 17. A railway car according toclaim 12 wherein at least some of said supports are affixed to the carends. 18. A railway car according to claim 9 wherein the size of saidlading openings is from 8 to 12 inches.

19. A railway car according to claim 19 wherein more than one layer ofbaffles is provided in said car.

20. A railway car according to claim 1 wherein support means areprovided to support said baffles in said car.

21. A railway car according to claim 2 wherein at least some of saidbaffles are affixed to said car sides. 22. a railway car according toclaim 20 wherein at least some of said supports are affixed to the floorof the car.

23. A railway car according to claim 20 wherein at least some of saidsupports are affixed to the roof.

24. A railway car according to claim 20 wherein at least some of saidsupports are affixed to the car sides. 25. A railway car according toclaim 20 wherein at least some of said supports are affixed to the carends. 26. A railway box car according to claim 20 wherein said supportsare affixed to both the floor and the roof. 27. A railway box caraccording to claim 26 wherein said baffles are pivotally mounted on saidsupports.

28. A railway car according to claim I wherein the size of said ladingopenings is from 8 to 12 inches.

29. A railway car according to claim 1 wherein more than one layer ofbaffles is provided in said car.

30. An insulated railway box car with floor conveyers for transportingperishable lading comprising:

generally vertically extending spaced apart railway car sides havinginsulation provided thereon at least through a substantial portion ofthe vertical extent; generally spaced apart railway car end sectionsjoined to said car sides, said end sections having insulation providedon at least a substantial portion of the vertical extent; an insulatedroof joining said sides and ends; said car having a floor containinglongitudinal and transverse floor conveyers to facilitate unloading thecar, and at least one layer of baffles in said car making an angle offrom about 30 to about 50 with respect to the horizontal and adapted toreduce the weight that the upper lading would'normally exert upon thelower lading in the absence of the baffles; wherein lading openings areprovided in said baffles whereby the lading passes through said openingsto assume positions below said baffles whereby full utilization of thecar volume can be obtained. 31. An insulated railway box car fortransporting perishable lading comprising:

generally vertically extending spaced apart railway car sides havinginsulation provided thereon at least through a substantial portion ofthe vertical extent; generally spaced apart railway car ends joined tosaid car sides, said ends having insulation provided on at least asubstantial portion of the vertical extent and insulated roof joiningsaid sides and ends; and at least one layer of baffles in said carmaking an angle of from about 30 to about 50 with respect to thehorizontal and adapted to reduce the weight that the upper lading wouldnormally exert upon the lower lading in the absence of the baffles;wherein lading openings are provided in said baffles whereby the ladingpasses through said openings to assume positions below said baffleswhereby full utilization of the car volume can be obtained; and whereinair circulating openings are also provided in said baffles to facilitatethe flow of conditioned air within the car.

32. An insulated box car according to claim 31 wherein means areprovided on said box car for controlling the temperature and humidity ofthe air in said car, and for circulating the air within the car.

33. A railway box car according to claim 32 wherein doors are affixed toat least some of said baffles.

34. A railway box car according to claim 23 wherein said doors areaffixed to the lower portion of said baffles.

35. A railway car according to claim 31 wherein said baffles areremovable.

36. A railway box car according to claim 31 wherein said box car isprovided with a main door on at least one side of said car and whereinsaid main door is provided with a supplementary door in the upperportion thereof.

37. A railway box car according to claim 36 wherein a secondsupplementary door is provided in the lower portion of said main door.

38. A railway car according to claim 31 wherein at least some of saidbaffles are affixed to said car sides.

39. A railway car according to claim 31 wherein the size of said ladingopenings is from 8 to 12 inches.

40. A railway car according to claim 39, wherein the size of the largestdimension of said conditioned air openings is not greater than aboutone-half inch.

41. A railway car according to claim 31, wherein doors are provided inthe lower portion of at least some of said baffles.

42. A railway car according to claim 31 wherein support means areprovided to support said baffles in said car.

43. A railway car according to claim 42 wherein at least some of saidsupports are affixed to the floor of the car.

44. A railway car according to claim 43 wherein at least some of saidsupports are affixed to the roof.

45. A railway car according to claim 44 wherein at least some of saidsupports are affixed to the car sides.

46. A railway car according to claim 44 wherein clips are affixed tosaid supports to support said baffles.

47. A railway car according to claim 44 wherein doors are affixed to thelower portion of said baffles.

48. A railway car according to claim 47 wherein braces mounted on saidsupports engage said doors.

49. A railway car according to claim 42 wherein said car is an AARDesignation RSB car.

50. A railway car according to claim 42 wherein said car is an AARDesignation RPB car.

51. A railway box car according to claim 42 wherein said support meansare affixed to both the floor and the roof.

52. A railway box car according to claim 51 wherein said baffles arepivotally mounted on said supports.

53. An insulated railway box car with floor conveyers for transportingperishable lading comprising:

generally vertically extending spaced apart railway car sides havinginsulation provided thereon at least through a substantial portion ofthe vertical extent; generally spaced apart railway car ends joined tosaid car sides, said ends having insulation provided on at least asubstantial portion of the vertical extent; an insulated roof joiningsaid sides and ends; said car having a floor containing longitudinal andtransverse floor conveyers to facilitate unloading the car, and at leastone layer of baffles in said car making an angle of from about 30 toabout 50 with respect to the horizontal and adapted to reduce the weightthat the upper lading would normally exert upon the lower lading in theabsence of the baffles; and wherein lading openings are provided in saidbaffles whereby the lading passes through said openings to assumepositions below said baffles whereby full utilization of the car volumecan be obtained; and wherein air circulating openings are also providedin said baffles to facilitate the flow of conditioned air within thecar; and wherein means are provided on said car for controlling thetemperature and humidity of the air in said car, and for circulating theair within the Car.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE CERTIFICATE OF CORRECTION PATENT NO.3,899,981

DATED August 19, 1975 INVENTOR(S) :Edgar F. Josephson It is certifiedthat error appears in the above-identified patent and that said LettersPatent are hereby corrected as shown below:

Column 2, Column 6,

Column 8, Column 9,

[SEAL] line 60, line 29, U. S line 15, line 20,

should read Signed and Scaled this second Day of W197:

RUTH C. MASON C. IARSIIALI. DAN" Arresting Officer (0mm issiontrufhte'mi and Tndenunks

1. An insulated railway box car for transporting perishable ladingcomprising: generally vertically extending spaced apart railway carsides having insulation provided thereon at least through a substantialportion of the vertical extent; generally spaced apart railway car endsjoined to said car sides, said ends having insulation provided on atleast a substantial portion of the vertical extent, an insulated roofjoining said sides and ends; and at least one layer of baffles in saidcar making an angle of from about 30* to about 50* with respect to thehorizontal and adapted to reduce the weight that the upper lading wouldnormally exert upon the lower lading in the absence of the baffles; andwherein lading openings are provided in said baffles whereby the ladingpasses through said openings to assume positions below said baffleswhereby full utilization of the car volume can be obtained.
 2. A railwaycar according to claim 1 wherein said baffles are fixed in place in saidbox car.
 3. A railway car according to claim 1 wherein said baffles arehinged whereby said baffles may be placed against the sides of the carwhen not in use.
 4. A railway car according to claim 1 wherein saidbaffles are removable.
 5. A railway box car according to claim 1 whereindoors are affixed to at least some of said baffles.
 6. A railway box caraccording to claim 5 wherein said doors are affixed to the lower portionof said baffles.
 7. A railway box car according to claim 1 wherein saidbox car is provided with a main door on at least one side of said carand wherein said main door is provideD with a supplementary door in theupper portion thereof.
 8. A railway box car according to claim 7 whereina second supplementary door is provided in the lower portion of saidmain door.
 9. A railway box car according to claim 1 wherein said carcomprises a floor containing at least one conveyer to facilitateunloading the car.
 10. A railway box car according to claim 9 whereinmore than one conveyer is provided in said floor.
 11. A railway box caraccording to claim 10 wherein a longitudinal and a transverse conveyerare provided in said car.
 12. A railway car according to claim 9 whereinmeans are provided to support said baffles in said car.
 13. A railwaycar according to claim 12 wherein at least some of said baffles areaffixed to said car sides.
 14. A railway car according to claim 12wherein at least some of said supports are affixed to the floor of thecar.
 15. A railway car according to claim 12, wherein at least some ofsaid supports are affixed to the roof.
 16. A railway car according toclaim 12 wherein at least some of said supports are affixed to the carsides.
 17. A railway car according to claim 12 wherein at least some ofsaid supports are affixed to the car ends.
 18. A railway car accordingto claim 9 wherein the size of said lading openings is from 8 to 12inches.
 19. A railway car according to claim 19 wherein more than onelayer of baffles is provided in said car.
 20. A railway car according toclaim 1 wherein support means are provided to support said baffles insaid car.
 21. A railway car according to claim 2 wherein at least someof said baffles are affixed to said car sides.
 22. a railway caraccording to claim 20 wherein at least some of said supports are affixedto the floor of the car.
 23. A railway car according to claim 20 whereinat least some of said supports are affixed to the roof.
 24. A railwaycar according to claim 20 wherein at least some of said supports areaffixed to the car sides.
 25. A railway car according to claim 20wherein at least some of said supports are affixed to the car ends. 26.A railway box car according to claim 20 wherein said supports areaffixed to both the floor and the roof.
 27. A railway box car accordingto claim 26 wherein said baffles are pivotally mounted on said supports.28. A railway car according to claim 1 wherein the size of said ladingopenings is from 8 to 12 inches.
 29. A railway car according to claim 1wherein more than one layer of baffles is provided in said car.
 30. Aninsulated railway box car with floor conveyers for transportingperishable lading comprising: generally vertically extending spacedapart railway car sides having insulation provided thereon at leastthrough a substantial portion of the vertical extent; generally spacedapart railway car end sections joined to said car sides, said endsections having insulation provided on at least a substantial portion ofthe vertical extent; an insulated roof joining said sides and ends; saidcar having a floor containing longitudinal and transverse floorconveyers to facilitate unloading the car, and at least one layer ofbaffles in said car making an angle of from about 30* to about 50* withrespect to the horizontal and adapted to reduce the weight that theupper lading would normally exert upon the lower lading in the absenceof the baffles; wherein lading openings are provided in said baffleswhereby the lading passes through said openings to assume positionsbelow said baffles whereby full utilization of the car volume can beobtained.
 31. An insulated railway box car for transporting perishablelading comprising: generally vertically extending spaced apart railwaycar sides having insulation provided thereon at least through asubstantial portion of the vertical extent; generally spaced apartrailway car ends joined to said car sides, said ends having insulationprovided on at least a substantial portion of the vertical extent andinsulated roof joining said sides and ends; and at least one layer ofbaffles in said car making an angle of from about 30* to about 50* withrespect to the horizontal and adapted to reduce the weight that theupper lading would normally exert upon the lower lading in the absenceof the baffles; wherein lading openings are provided in said baffleswhereby the lading passes through said openings to assume positionsbelow said baffles whereby full utilization of the car volume can beobtained; and wherein air circulating openings are also provided in saidbaffles to facilitate the flow of conditioned air within the car.
 32. Aninsulated box car according to claim 31 wherein means are provided onsaid box car for controlling the temperature and humidity of the air insaid car, and for circulating the air within the car.
 33. A railway boxcar according to claim 32 wherein doors are affixed to at least some ofsaid baffles.
 34. A railway box car according to claim 23 wherein saiddoors are affixed to the lower portion of said baffles.
 35. A railwaycar according to claim 31 wherein said baffles are removable.
 36. Arailway box car according to claim 31 wherein said box car is providedwith a main door on at least one side of said car and wherein said maindoor is provided with a supplementary door in the upper portion thereof.37. A railway box car according to claim 36 wherein a secondsupplementary door is provided in the lower portion of said main door.38. A railway car according to claim 31 wherein at least some of saidbaffles are affixed to said car sides.
 39. A railway car according toclaim 31 wherein the size of said lading openings is from 8 to 12inches.
 40. A railway car according to claim 39, wherein the size of thelargest dimension of said conditioned air openings is not greater thanabout one-half inch.
 41. A railway car according to claim 31, whereindoors are provided in the lower portion of at least some of saidbaffles.
 42. A railway car according to claim 31 wherein support meansare provided to support said baffles in said car.
 43. A railway caraccording to claim 42 wherein at least some of said supports are affixedto the floor of the car.
 44. A railway car according to claim 43 whereinat least some of said supports are affixed to the roof.
 45. A railwaycar according to claim 44 wherein at least some of said supports areaffixed to the car sides.
 46. A railway car according to claim 44wherein clips are affixed to said supports to support said baffles. 47.A railway car according to claim 44 wherein doors are affixed to thelower portion of said baffles.
 48. A railway car according to claim 47wherein braces mounted on said supports engage said doors.
 49. A railwaycar according to claim 42 wherein said car is an AAR Designation RSBcar.
 50. A railway car according to claim 42 wherein said car is an AARDesignation RPB car.
 51. A railway box car according to claim 42 whereinsaid support means are affixed to both the floor and the roof.
 52. Arailway box car according to claim 51 wherein said baffles are pivotallymounted on said supports.
 53. An insulated railway box car with floorconveyers for transporting perishable lading comprising: generallyvertically extending spaced apart railway car sides having insulationprovided thereon at least through a substantial portion of the verticalextent; generally spaced apart railway car ends joined to said carsides, said ends having insulation provided on at least a substantialportion of the vertical extent; an insulated roof joining said sides andends; said car having a floor containing longitudinal and transversefloor conveyers to facilitate unloading the car, and at least one layerof baffles in said car making an angle of from about 30* to about 50*with respect to the horizontal and adapted to reduce the weight that theupper lading woulD normally exert upon the lower lading in the absenceof the baffles; and wherein lading openings are provided in said baffleswhereby the lading passes through said openings to assume positionsbelow said baffles whereby full utilization of the car volume can beobtained; and wherein air circulating openings are also provided in saidbaffles to facilitate the flow of conditioned air within the car; andwherein means are provided on said car for controlling the temperatureand humidity of the air in said car, and for circulating the air withinthe car.